Lesson 46: CORD / CARDI
The Root
CORD and CARDI come from Latin cor/cordis and Greek kardia, both meaning "heart."
When you see these roots in a word, think about the heart—both the physical organ and the metaphorical center of emotion and agreement.
Word List
| Word | Parts | Definition |
|---|---|---|
| cardiac | CARDI (heart) + -AC (relating to) | relating to the heart |
| cardiology | CARDI (heart) + -OLOGY (study of) | the study of the heart |
| cardiologist | CARDI (heart) + -LOGIST (one who studies) | a doctor who specializes in the heart |
| cordial | CORDI (heart) + -AL (relating to) | warm and heartfelt; friendly |
| accord | AC- (to) + CORD (heart) | agreement; harmony of hearts |
| discord | DIS- (apart) + CORD (heart) | disagreement; hearts in conflict |
| concord | CON- (together) + CORD (heart) | agreement; hearts coming together |
| record | RE- (back, again) + CORD (heart) | to set down; originally to pass through the heart again |
| courage | COR (heart) + -AGE (quality of) | bravery; heart-ness |
| encourage | COR (heart) + -AGE (quality of) | to give courage; to put heart into |
| discourage | COR (heart) + -AGE (quality of) | to take courage away; to remove heart |
| core | COR (heart) | the heart or center of something |
| cardiovascular | CARDI (heart) + VASCUL (vessel) + -AR | relating to the heart and blood vessels |
| electrocardiogram | ELECTRO- (electric) + CARDI (heart) + -GRAM (recording) | a recording of the heart's electrical activity |
Practice 1: Multiple Choice
Choose the word that best completes each sentence.
- The patient was rushed to the __________ care unit after the heart attack.
a) cordial
b) cardiac
c) discord
d) core
- Her __________ greeting made everyone feel welcome.
a) discordant
b) cardiovascular
c) cordial
d) discouraged
- After hours of debate, the committee finally reached an __________.
a) discord
b) accord
c) encourage
d) electrocardiogram
- The doctor ordered an __________ to check the patient's heart rhythm.
a) encouragement
b) cardiovascular
c) electrocardiogram
d) cardiologist
- Political __________ threatened to break apart the coalition.
a) accord
b) concord
c) discord
d) courage
- Regular __________ exercise is essential for heart health.
a) cordial
b) cardiac
c) core
d) cardiovascular
- She showed great __________ in speaking up against injustice.
a) discord
b) courage
c) discouragement
d) accord
- Don't let failure __________ you from trying again.
a) encourage
b) record
c) discourage
d) accord
- The new agreement established lasting __________ between the groups.
a) discord
b) concord
c) discouragement
d) courage
- The __________ of the apple contains the seeds.
a) cord
b) accord
c) core
d) cardiac
- The __________ recommended a pacemaker for the patient.
a) cardiologist
b) cardiology
c) cardiovascular
d) electrocardiogram
- Teachers should __________ students to pursue their interests.
a) discord
b) discourage
c) record
d) encourage
Practice 2: Fill in the Blank
Use each word from the word bank exactly once.
Word Bank: cardiac, cardiology, cordial, accord, discord, concord, record, courage, encourage, discourage, core, cardiovascular
The entire __________ department specializes in heart conditions.
__________ arrest requires immediate CPR.
The leaders signed a peace __________ ending the conflict.
Daily runs improve __________ health.
She found the __________ to face her fears.
Family __________ made holiday dinners uncomfortable.
We should __________ young people to follow their dreams.
The nations lived in __________ for decades.
His tone was __________ but professional.
The scientist kept a detailed __________ of all experiments.
Don't let criticism __________ you.
The __________ issue is funding, not staffing.
Practice 3: Reading Passage
When Dr. Elena Reyes entered cardiology, she was driven by one memory: watching her father's electrocardiogram flatline, then spike back to life. The cardiac team had saved him. She would dedicate her life to doing the same for others.
Now, twenty years later, she led the hospital's cardiovascular unit. Her manner was cordial but direct. "I cannot discourage honesty in this department," she often said. "We must record every observation, no matter how small. Hearts don't forgive carelessness."
Her team worked in accord, despite occasional discord over treatment approaches. That was healthy, she believed. Concord without debate meant groupthink; she wanted courage, not compliance.
One morning, a young resident presented a difficult case. The patient's electrocardiogram showed irregular patterns. The cardiologist on call had recommended standard treatment, but something felt wrong to the resident.
"Trust your core instincts," Dr. Reyes encouraged. "What does your heart—medically and figuratively—tell you?"
The resident spoke up. The treatment was changed. The patient survived.
"Cardiology isn't just about the physical heart," Dr. Reyes told him afterward. "It's about having the courage to listen when something doesn't feel right. That's the real core of this work."
Questions
- Dr. Reyes entered "cardiology" because of her father's experience. Cardiology is:
a) The study of surgery
b) The study of the heart
c) The study of courage
d) The study of recording
- Her manner was "cordial." This means:
a) Cold and distant
b) Warm and friendly
c) Cardiac-related
d) Discouraging
- The team worked "in accord" despite occasional "discord." This means:
a) They never agreed
b) They generally agreed but sometimes disagreed
c) They always fought
d) They avoided all conflict
- Dr. Reyes valued "courage" over "compliance." She wanted:
a) People who quietly obeyed
b) People brave enough to speak up
c) People who caused discord
d) People who read electrocardiograms
- "The real core of this work" refers to:
a) The apple's center
b) The heart of what matters—trusting instincts
c) Physical cardiac tissue
d) Recording everything
Answer Key
Practice 1: Multiple Choice
- b
- c
- b
- c
- c
- d
- b
- c
- b
- c
- a
- d
Practice 2: Fill in the Blank
- cardiology
- Cardiac
- accord
- cardiovascular
- courage
- discord
- encourage
- concord
- cordial
- record
- discourage
- core
Reading Passage Questions
- b
- b
- b
- b
- b