Lesson 3

Lesson 3: LOG / LOGUE


The Root

LOG / LOGUE comes from Greek and means "word," "speech," "reason," or "study."

When you see this root (often as "-ology"), think about speaking, reasoning, or studying a subject.


Word List

Word Parts Definition
logic LOG (reason) + -IC (having characteristics of) correct reasoning; strict rules of thinking
logistics LOG (reason/calculation) + -ICS (study/knowledge) the detailed coordination of a complex operation involving many people, facilities, or supplies
catalog CATA- (down/completely) + LOG (list/word) a complete list of items, often in a systematic order
dialogue DIA- (across/through) + LOGUE (speech) a conversation between two or more people
monologue MONO- (one) + LOGUE (speech) a long speech by one person
prologue PRO- (before) / EPI- (upon/after) + LOGUE (speech) an introduction to a book, play, or poem
epilogue PRO- (before) / EPI- (upon/after) + LOGUE (speech) a short section added at the end of a book or play
apology APO- (away/from) + LOGY (speech) a statement saying you are sorry; originally, a speech in defense
eulogy EU- (good/well) + LOGY (speech) a speech praising someone who has died
analogy ANA- (according to) + LOGY (reason/proportion) a comparison between two things to show how they are alike
biology BIO- (life) + LOGY (study of) the scientific study of life and living things
psychology PSYCHE (mind/soul) + LOGY (study of) the scientific study of the human mind and behavior

Practice 1: Multiple Choice

Choose the word that best completes each sentence.

  1. The actor stood alone on stage and delivered a powerful __________.

a) dialogue
b) monologue
c) prologue
d) catalog

  1. Studying __________ helps us understand how the human brain works.

a) biology
b) psychology
c) technology
d) logistics

  1. Her argument didn't make sense; it lacked __________.

a) eulogy
b) prologue
c) analogy
d) logic

  1. The general had to figure out the __________ of moving 5,000 troops across the desert.

a) analogies
b) prologue
c) biology
d) logistics

  1. We had a productive __________ about how to solve the budget crisis.

a) catalog
b) analogy
c) monologue
d) dialogue

  1. The teacher used an __________ to explain the complex idea, comparing the heart to a pump.

a) epilogue
b) analogy
c) apology
d) eulogy

  1. He offered a sincere __________ for breaking the vase.

a) eulogy
b) logic
c) analogy
d) apology

  1. I ordered some new seeds from the gardening __________.

a) dialogue
b) prologue
c) monologue
d) catalog

  1. __________ is the study of life and all living organisms.

a) Logistics
b) Theology
c) Biology
d) Psychology

  1. At the end of the movie, a short __________ showed the characters happy in the future.

a) epilogue
b) dialogue
c) prologue
d) monologue

  1. At the funeral, his brother gave a moving __________ about his kindness.

a) eulogy
b) logic
c) apology
d) analogy

  1. The __________ of the event were difficult to manage because so many guests were arriving at different times.

a) psychology
b) sociology
c) logistics
d) biology


Practice 2: Fill in the Blank

Use each word from the word bank exactly once.

Word Bank: logic, catalog, dialogue, monologue, prologue, epilogue, apology, eulogy, analogy, biology, logistics, psychology

  1. The characters had a quick __________ that revealed their secret plans.

  2. Using simple __________, he figured out where the missing keys must be.

  3. We hired a company to handle the __________ of shipping the heavy equipment overseas.

  4. The comedian's opening __________ lasted for ten minutes.

  5. She wrote a heartfelt __________ to her friend for forgetting her birthday.

  6. The library __________ listed every book available in the system.

  7. "Life is like a box of chocolates" is a famous __________.

  8. The __________ at the beginning of the play set the dark and gloomy mood.

  9. He wants to study __________ because he is fascinated by how animals survive.

  10. The priest delivered a beautiful __________ honoring the mayor's life.

  11. If you read the __________, you'll find out that the hero eventually got married.

  12. Understanding __________ can help you figure out why people act the way they do.


Practice 3: Reading Passage

The Debate

The debate stage was set for a fierce dialogue between the two candidates. First, however, the moderator read a long prologue explaining the rules. When the first candidate spoke, she used logic and facts to make her point. She avoided emotional stories, preferring to stick to the data.

Her opponent, however, launched into a long monologue about his childhood. He used a clever analogy comparing the economy to a leaky boat. The audience loved it. But then he made a mistake—he insulted the other candidate's family. He immediately issued an apology, but the damage was done.

Reading PassageQuestions

  1. A "dialogue" in a debate implies:

a) One person speaking alone
b) An exchange of words between people
c) A written list of rules
d) A study of the mind

  1. Why did the moderator read a "prologue"?

a) To introduce the event and rules
b) To end the debate
c) To amuse the crowd
d) To apologize

  1. The candidate used "logic." This means she relied on:

a) Emotional stories
b) Reason and good sense
c) Insults
d) Comparisons

  1. What is an "analogy"?

a) A speech of praise
b) A comparison between two things
c) A study of life
d) A list of items

  1. Why did the candidate offer an "apology"?

a) To praise his opponent
b) To explain his logic
c) To express regret for an insult
d) To end his speech



Answer Key

Practice 1: Multiple Choice

  1. b
  2. b
  3. d
  4. d
  5. d
  6. b
  7. d
  8. d
  9. c
  10. a
  11. a
  12. c

Practice 2: Fill in the Blank

  1. dialogue
  2. logic
  3. logistics
  4. monologue
  5. apology
  6. catalog
  7. analogy
  8. prologue
  9. biology
  10. eulogy
  11. epilogue
  12. psychology

Reading Passage Questions

  1. b
  2. a
  3. b
  4. b
  5. c


Related Word Parts

Other roots, prefixes, and suffixes found in this lesson's vocabulary.

Word PartMeaningFound In
-IChaving characteristics oflogic
-ICSstudy/knowledgelogistics
ANA-according toanalogy
APO-away/fromapology
BIO-lifebiology
CATA-down/completelycatalog
DIA-across/throughdialogue
EU-good/welleulogy
MONO-onemonologue
PSYCHEmind/soulpsychology